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Question 1:
A web server has been compromised due to a ransomware attack. Further investigation reveals the ransomware has been in the server for the past 72 hours. The systems administrator needs to get the services back up as soon as possible. Which of the following should the administrator use to restore services to a secure state?
A. The last incremental backup that was conducted 72 hours ago Most Voted
B. The last known-good configuration Most Voted
C. The last full backup that was conducted seven days ago
D. The baseline OS configuration
Correct Answer: C
A -No – The last incremental backup that was conducted 72 hours ago – If we can say the infection happened 72 hours ago then a backup from 72 hours ago does us no good. B – No – The last known-good configuration – This would reverse all non-security-related changes made to the Registry during the last session.. Thus the system may still be infected C – Yes! -The last full backup that was conducted seven days ago D – No – The baseline OS configuration – Would remove the possibility of the system being infected but would not be the quickest method
Question 2:
Ann. a forensic analyst. needs to prove that the data she originally acquired has remained unchanged while in her custody. Which of the following should Ann use?
A. Chain of custody
B. Checksums
C. Non-repudiaton
D. Legal hold
Correct Answer: B
If the checksum of the original file is known, an authorized user can run a checksum/hashing utility on the file to match the resulting checksum to the original checksum. If these two checksums match, the file is identical. However, if they don\’t match, the user can identify a fake version of the original file.
Checksums are used to check files and other data for errors or manipulation that might have occurred during data transmission or storage.
Question 3:
A major clothing company recently lost a large amount of proprietary information.
The security officer must find a solution to ensure this never happens again .
Which of the following is the BEST technical implementation to prevent this from happening again?
A. Configure DLP solutions
B. Disable peer-to-peer sharing
C. Enable role-based access controls.
D. Mandate job rotation.
E. Implement content filters
Correct Answer: A
Question 4:
A company has installed badge readers for building access but is finding unauthorized individuals roaming the hallways. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A. Shoulder surfing
B. Phishing
C. Tailgating
D. Identity fraud
Correct Answer: C
Tailgating, also known as piggybacking, is the act of an unauthorized individual following closely behind an authorized person to gain entry into a restricted area without their own valid access credentials. In this scenario, the badge readers are meant to control building access, but unauthorized individuals are gaining access by simply following authorized employees who use their badges to open doors. This practice compromises the security of the building and allows unauthorized people to roam the hallways. To prevent tailgating, employees should be trained to be vigilant about not allowing unauthorized individuals to follow them through access-controlled doors. Additionally, security measures like mantraps or turnstiles can be implemented to prevent tailgating incidents.
Question 5:
Company engineers regularly participate in a public Internet forum with other engineers throughout the industry. Which of the following tactics would an attacker MOST likely use in this scenario?
A. Watering-hole attack
B. Credential harvesting
C. Hybrid warfare
D. Pharming
Correct Answer: A
An attack in which an attacker targets specific groups or organizations, discovers which websites they frequent, and injects malicious code into those sites.
Question 6:
A security administrator Is managing administrative access to sensitive systems with the following requirements:
Common login accounts must not be used (or administrative duties.
Administrative accounts must be temporal in nature.
Each administrative account must be assigned to one specific user.
Accounts must have complex passwords.
Audit trails and logging must be enabled on all systems.
Which ot the following solutions should the administrator deploy to meet these requirements?
A. ABAC
B. SAML
C. PAM
D. CASB
Correct Answer: C
The best solution to meet the given requirements is to deploy a Privileged Access Management (PAM) solution. PAM solutions allow administrators to create and manage administrative accounts that are assigned to specific users and that have complex passwords. Additionally, PAM solutions provide the ability to enable audit trails and logging on all systems, as well as to set up temporal access for administrative accounts. SAML, ABAC, and CASB are not suitable for this purpose.
Question 7:
Which of the following would satisfy three-factor authentication?
A. Password, retina scanner, and NFC card
B. Password, fingerprint scanner, and retina scanner
C. Password, hard token, and NFC card
D. Fingerpnint scanner, hard token, and retina scanner
Correct Answer: A
Question 8:
Which of the following is a team of people dedicated testing the effectiveness of organizational security programs by emulating the techniques of potential attackers?
A. Red team
B. While team
C. Blue team
D. Purple team
Correct Answer: A
Red team–performs the offensive role to try to infiltrate the target.
Question 9:
A security analyst receives a SIEM alert that someone logged in to the appadmin test account, which is only used for the early detection of attacks. The security analyst then reviews the following application log:
Which of the following can the security analyst conclude?
A. A replay attack is being conducted against the application.
B. An injection attack is being conducted against a user authentication system.
C. A service account password may have been changed, resulting in continuous failed logins within the application.
D. A credentialed vulnerability scanner attack is testing several CVEs against the application.
Correct Answer: B
Question 10:
An attacker browses a company\’s online job board attempting to find any relevant information regarding the technologies the company uses. Which of the following BEST describes this social engineering technique?
A. Hoax
B. Reconnaissance
C. Impersonation
D. pretexting
Correct Answer: B
Impersonation is a form of social engineering attack when the attacker pretends to be someone else.. nothing related to the question here.
Question 11:
A Chief Security Officer (CSO) is concerned about the amount of PII that is stored locally on each salesperson\’s laptop. The sales department has a higher-than-average rate of lost equipment. Which of the following recommendations would BEST address the CSO\’s concern?
A. Deploy an MDM solution.
B. Implement managed FDE.
C. Replace all hard drives with SEDs.
D. Install DLP agents on each laptop.
Correct Answer: B
What is Full-Disk Encryption (FDE) and What are Self-Encrypting Drives (SED)?
Full-disk encryption (FDE) and self-encrypting drives (SED) encrypt data as it is written to the disk and decrypt data as it is read off the disk. FDE makes sense for laptops, which are highly susceptible to loss or theft.
Question 12:
Users at organization have been installing programs from the internet on their workstations without first proper authorization. The organization maintains a portal from which users can install standardized programs. However, some users have administrative access on their workstations to enable legacy programs to function property. Which of the following should the security administrator consider implementing to address this issue?
A. Application code signing
B. Application whitellsting
C. Data loss prevention
D. Web application firewalls
Correct Answer: B
Application whitelisting is the practice of specifying an index of approved software applications or executable files that are permitted to be present and active on a computer system. The goal of whitelisting is to protect computers and networks from potentially harmful applications.
In general, a whitelist is an index of approved entities. In information security (infosec), whitelisting works best in centrally managed environments, where systems are subject to a consistent workload. https://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/application-whitelisting
Question 13:
An incident, which is affecting dozens of systems, involves malware that reaches out to an Internet service for rules and updates. The IP addresses for the Internet host appear to be different in each case. The organization would like to determine a common IoC to support response and recovery actions. Which of the following sources of information would BEST support this solution?
A. Web log files
B. Browser cache
C. DNS query logs
D. Antivirus
Correct Answer: C
A. Web Log Files – this can be eliminated because web log files are only viewable by the website\’s owner. We are not the owner, thus this is not useful to us.
B. Browser Cache – this can be eliminated because the malware does not communicate through the browser.
C. DNS query logs – the malware reaches out to an internet service. This will be logged in the DNS query logs.
D. Antivirus – I don\’t think this solution is that bad, but what if the antivirus does not detect the malware? An antivirus, in this case, is not reliable for detecting indicators of compromise.
Question 14:
Which of the following BEST describes a social-engineering attack that relies on an executive at a small business visiting a fake banking website where credit card and account details are harvested?
A. Whaling
B. Spam
C. Invoice scam
D. Pharming
Correct Answer: D
Pharming: Phishing attempt to trick a user to access a different or fake website (usually by modifying hosts file)
Question 15:
An attacked is attempting to exploit users by creating a fake website with the URL www.validwebsite.com.
The attacker\’s intent is to imitate the look and feel of a legitimate website to obtain personal information from unsuspecting users.
Which of the following social-engineering attacks does this describe?
A. Information elicitation
B. Type squatting
C. Impersonation
D. Watering-hole attack
Correct Answer: B
It\’s really the only logical answer. Everything else is more plausible to eliminate.
Information elicitation is done directly in-person, meaning it\’s typically conversational in nature.
Impersonation centers around PERSONS, not websites. You can\’t impersonate websites; you can only create similar-looking ones.
Water-hole attacks are performed on third-party websites one suspects the targeted organization uses; this can\’t be the case here if the attacker created the website themselves.
That leaves typosquatting. While it doesn\’t explicitly say it\’s a misspelling of another website, we can\’t outright rule out that possibility either. It\’s literally the only applicable answer for creating a website that imitates a legitimate one, after all,
and it implies it\’s not the original site by saying it\’s emulating the “look and feel of a legitimate website.”
Either way, it\’s ridiculously ambiguous. I\’m hoping CompTIA weights answers so that not ALL of them award zero points.