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Question 1:
A company is developing an ecommerce application that will consist of a load-balanced front end, a container-based application, and a relational database. A solutions architect needs to create a highly available solution that operates with as little manual intervention as possible.
Which solutions meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)
A. Create an Amazon RDS DB instance in Multi-AZ mode.
B. Create an Amazon RDS DB instance and one or more replicas in another Availability Zone.
C. Create an Amazon EC2 in stance-based Docker cluster to handle the dynamic application load.
D. Create an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster with a Fargate launch type to handle the dynamic application load.
E. Create an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster with an Amazon EC2 launch type to handle the dynamic application load.
Correct Answer: AD
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonECS/latest/developerguide/Welcome.html
1.
Relational database: RDS
2.
Container-based applications: ECS
“Amazon ECS enables you to launch and stop your container-based applications by using simple API calls. You can also retrieve the state of your cluster from a centralized service and have access to many familiar Amazon EC2 features.”
3.
Little manual intervention: Fargate
You can run your tasks and services on a serverless infrastructure that is managed by AWS Fargate. Alternatively, for more control over your infrastructure, you can run your tasks and services on a cluster of Amazon EC2 instances that you
manage.
Question 2:
A company wants to migrate 100 GB of historical data from an on-premises location to an Amazon S3 bucket. The company has a 100 megabits per second (Mbps) internet connection on premises. The company needs to encrypt the data in transit to the S3 bucket. The company will store new data directly in Amazon S3.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Use the s3 sync command in the AWS CLI to move the data directly to an S3 bucket
B. Use AWS DataSync to migrate the data from the on-premises location to an S3 bucket
C. Use AWS Snowball to move the data to an S3 bucket
D. Set up an IPsec VPN from the on-premises location to AWS. Use the s3 cp command in the AWS CLI to move the data directly to an S3 bucket
Correct Answer: B
AWS DataSync is a fully managed data transfer service that simplifies and automates the process of moving data between on-premises storage and Amazon S3. It provides secure and efficient data transfer with built-in encryption, ensuring that the data is encrypted in transit.
By using AWS DataSync, the company can easily migrate the 100 GB of historical data from their on-premises location to an S3 bucket. DataSync will handle the encryption of data in transit and ensure secure transfer.
Question 3:
A solutions architect manages an analytics application. The application stores large amounts of semistructured data in an Amazon S3 bucket. The solutions architect wants to use parallel data processing to process the data more quickly. The solutions architect also wants to use information that is stored in an Amazon Redshift database to enrich the data.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Use Amazon Athena to process the S3 data. Use AWS Glue with the Amazon Redshift data to enrich the S3 data.
B. Use Amazon EMR to process the S3 data. Use Amazon EMR with the Amazon Redshift data to enrich the S3 data.
C. Use Amazon EMR to process the S3 data. Use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to move the S3 data into Amazon Redshift so that the data can be enriched.
D. Use AWS Glue to process the S3 data. Use AWS Lake Formation with the Amazon Redshift data to enrich the S3 data.
Correct Answer: D
Question 4:
A company is running several business applications in three separate VPCs within me us-east-1 Region. The applications must be able to communicate between VPCs. The applications also must be able to consistently send hundreds to gigabytes of data each day to a latency-sensitive application that runs in a single on-premises data center.
A solutions architect needs to design a network connectivity solution that maximizes cost-effectiveness
Which solution moots those requirements?
A. Configure three AWS Site-to-Site VPN connections from the data center to AWS Establish connectivity by configuring one VPN connection for each VPC
B. Launch a third-party virtual network appliance in each VPC Establish an iPsec VPN tunnel between the Data center and each virtual appliance
C. Set up three AWS Direct Connect connections from the data center to a Direct Connect gateway in us-east-1 Establish connectivity by configuring each VPC to use one of the Direct Connect connections
D. Set up one AWS Direct Connect connection from the data center to AWS. Create a transit gateway, and attach each VPC to the transit gateway. Establish connectivity between the Direct Connect connection and the transit gateway.
Correct Answer: D
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/whitepapers/latest/aws-vpc-connectivity-options/aws-direct-connect-aws-transit-gateway.html
Question 5:
A company will migrate 10 PB of data to Amazon S3 in 6 weeks. The current data center has a 500 Mbps uplink to the internet. Other on-premises applications share the uplink. The company can use 80% of the internet bandwidth for this one-time migration task.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Configure AWS DataSync to migrate the data to Amazon S3 and to automatically verify the data.
B. Use rsync to transfer the data directly to Amazon S3.
C. Use the AWS CLI and multiple copy processes to send the data directly to Amazon S3.
D. Order multiple AWS Snowball devices. Copy the data to the devices. Send the devices to AWS to copy the data to Amazon S3.
Correct Answer: D
Question 6:
A company runs an application that uses Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. The application receives traffic only on weekdays during business hours. The company wants to optimize costs and reduce operational overhead based on this usage. Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Use the Instance Scheduler on AWS to configure start and stop schedules.
B. Turn off automatic backups. Create weekly manual snapshots of the database.
C. Create a custom AWS Lambda function to start and stop the database based on minimum CPU utilization.
D. Purchase All Upfront reserved DB instances.
Correct Answer: A
https://aws.amazon.com/solutions/implementations/instance-scheduler-on-aws/
Question 7:
A company is developing software that uses a PostgreSQL database schema. The company needs to configure multiple development environments and databases for the company\’s developers. On average, each development environment is used for half of the 8-hour workday.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Configure each development environment with its own Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL database
B. Configure each development environment with its own Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL Single-AZ DB instances
C. Configure each development environment with its own Amazon Aurora On-Demand PostgreSQL-Compatible database
D. Configure each development environment with its own Amazon S3 bucket by using Amazon S3 Object Select
Correct Answer: C
Amazon Aurora On-Demand is a pay-per-use deployment option for Amazon Aurora that allows you to create and destroy database instances as needed. This is ideal for development environments that are only used for part of the day, as you only pay for the database instance when it is in use.
The other options are not as cost-effective. Option A, configuring each development environment with its own Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL database, would require you to pay for the database instance even when it is not in use. Option B, configuring each development environment with its own Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL Single-AZ DB instance, would also require you to pay for the database instance even when it is not in use. Option D, configuring each development environment with its own Amazon S3 bucket by using Amazon S3 Object Select, is not a viable option as Amazon S3 is not a database.
Question 8:
A company is migrating its workloads to AWS. The company has transactional and sensitive data in its databases. The company wants to use AWS Cloud solutions to increase security and reduce operational overhead for the databases.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Migrate the databases to Amazon EC2. Use an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) AWS managed key for encryption.
B. Migrate the databases to Amazon RDS Configure encryption at rest.
C. Migrate the data to Amazon S3 Use Amazon Macie for data security and protection
D. Migrate the database to Amazon RDS. Use Amazon CloudWatch Logs for data security and protection.
Correct Answer: B
Question 9:
A company\’s data platform uses an Amazon Aurora MySQL database. The database has multiple read replicas and multiple DB instances across different Availability Zones. Users have recently reported errors from the database that indicate that there are too many connections. The company wants to reduce the failover time by 20% when a read replica is promoted to primary writer.
Which solution will meet this requirement?
A. Switch from Aurora to Amazon RDS with Multi-AZ cluster deployment.
B. Use Amazon RDS Proxy in front of the Aurora database.
C. Switch to Amazon DynamoDB with DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) for read connections.
D. Switch to Amazon Redshift with relocation capability.
Correct Answer: B
Amazon RDS Proxy is a service that provides a fully managed, highly available database proxy for Amazon RDS and Aurora databases. It allows you to pool and share database connections, reduce database load, and improve application scalability and availability. By using Amazon RDS Proxy in front of your Aurora database, you can achieve the following benefits: You can reduce the number of connections to your database and avoid errors that indicate that there are too many connections. Amazon RDS Proxy handles the connection management and multiplexing for you, so you can use fewer database connections and resources. You can reduce the failover time by 20% when a read replica is promoted to primary writer. Amazon RDS Proxy automatically detects failures and routes traffic to the new primary instance without requiring changes to your application code or configuration. According to a benchmark test, using Amazon RDS Proxy reduced the failover time from 66 seconds to 53 seconds, which is a 20% improvement. You can improve the security and compliance of your database access. Amazon RDS Proxy integrates with AWS Secrets Manager and AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) to enable secure and granular authentication and authorization for your database connections.
Question 10:
An application allows users at a company\’s headquarters to access product data. The product data is stored in an Amazon RDS MySQL DB instance. The operations team has isolated an application performance slowdown and wants to separate read traffic from write traffic. A solutions architect needs to optimize the application\’s performance quickly.
What should the solutions architect recommend?
A. Change the existing database to a Multi-AZ deployment. Serve the read requests from the primary Availability Zone.
B. Change the existing database to a Multi-AZ deployment. Serve the read requests from the secondary Availability Zone.
C. Create read replicas for the database. Configure the read replicas with half of the compute and storage resources as the source database.
D. Create read replicas for the database. Configure the read replicas with the same compute and storage resources as the source database.
Correct Answer: D
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/USER_MySQL.Replication.R eadReplicas.html
Question 11:
A company needs to configure a real-time data ingestion architecture for its application. The company needs an API, a process that transforms data as the data is streamed, and a storage solution for the data.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Deploy an Amazon EC2 instance to host an API that sends data to an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Create an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream that uses the Kinesis data stream as a data source. Use AWS Lambda functions to transform the data. Use the Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream to send the data to Amazon S3.
B. Deploy an Amazon EC2 instance to host an API that sends data to AWS Glue. Stop source/destination checking on the EC2 instance. Use AWS Glue to transform the data and to send the data to Amazon S3.
C. Configure an Amazon API Gateway API to send data to an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Create an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream that uses the Kinesis data stream as a data source. Use AWS Lambda functions to transform the data. Use the Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream to send the data to Amazon S3.
D. Configure an Amazon API Gateway API to send data to AWS Glue. Use AWS Lambda functions to transform the data. Use AWS Glue to send the data to Amazon S3.
Correct Answer: C
Question 12:
A solutions architect is designing an asynchronous application to process credit card data validation requests for a bank. The application must be secure and be able to process each request at least once. Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Use AWS Lambda event source mapping. Set Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) standard queues as the event source. Use AWS Key Management Service (SSE-KMS) for encryption. Add the kms:Decrypt permission for the Lambda execution role.
B. Use AWS Lambda event source mapping. Use Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) FIFO queues as the event source. Use SQS managed encryption keys (SSE-SQS) for encryption. Add the encryption key invocation permission for the Lambda function.
C. Use the AWS Lambda event source mapping. Set Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) FIFO queues as the event source. Use AWS KMS keys (SSE-KMS). Add the kms:Decrypt permission for the Lambda execution role.
D. Use the AWS Lambda event source mapping. Set Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) standard queues as the event source. Use AWS KMS keys (SSE-KMS) for encryption. Add the encryption key invocation permission for the Lambda function.
Correct Answer: A
Key word – at least once and cost effective suggests SQS standard
Question 13:
A company is making a prototype of the infrastructure for its new website by manually provisioning the necessary infrastructure. This infrastructure includes an Auto Scaling group, an Application Load Balancer, and an Amazon RDS database. After the configuration has been thoroughly validated, the company wants the capability to immediately deploy the infrastructure for development and production use in two Availability Zones in an automated fashion.
What should a solutions architect recommend to meet these requirements?
A. Use AWS Systems Manager to replicate and provision the prototype infrastructure in two Availability Zones.
B. Define the infrastructure as a template by using the prototype infrastructure as a guide. Deploy the infrastructure with AWS CloudFormation
C. Use AWS Config to record the inventory of resources that are used in the prototype infrastructure. Use AWS Config to deploy the prototype infrastructure into two Availability Zones.
D. Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk and configure it to use an automated reference to the prototype infrastructure to automatically deploy new environments in two Availability Zones
Correct Answer: B
AWS CloudFormation is a service that helps you model and set up your AWS resources by using templates that describe all the resources that you want, such as Auto Scaling groups, load balancers, and databases. You can use AWS
CloudFormation to deploy your infrastructure in an automated and consistent way across multiple environments and regions. You can also use AWS CloudFormation to update or delete your infrastructure as a single unit.
Reference URLs:
https://aws.amazon.com/cloudformation/
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/Welcome.html
https:// docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/cfn-whatis-concepts.html
Question 14:
A rapidly growing global ecommerce company is hosting its web application on AWS. The web application includes static content and dynamic content. The website stores online transaction processing (OLTP) data in an Amazon RDS database The website\’s users are experiencing slow page loads.
Which combination of actions should a solutions architect take to resolve this issue? (Choose two.)
A. Configure an Amazon Redshift cluster.
B. Set up an Amazon CloudFront distribution.
C. Host the dynamic web content in Amazon S3.
D. Create a read replica for the RDS DB instance.
E. Configure a Multi-AZ deployment for the RDS DB instance.
Correct Answer: BD
To resolve the issue of slow page loads for a rapidly growing e-commerce website hosted on AWS, a solutions architect can take the following two actions:
1.
Set up an Amazon CloudFront distribution
2.
Create a read replica for the RDS DB instance
Configuring an Amazon Redshift cluster is not relevant to this issue since Redshift is a data warehousing service and is typically used for the analytical processing of large amounts of data.
Hosting the dynamic web content in Amazon S3 may not necessarily improve performance since S3 is an object storage service, not a web application server. While S3 can be used to host static web content, it may not be suitable for hosting dynamic web content since S3 doesn\’t support server-side scripting or processing.
Configuring a Multi-AZ deployment for the RDS DB instance will improve high availability but may not necessarily improve performance.
Question 15:
A company runs an infrastructure monitoring service. The company is building a new feature that will enable the service to monitor data in customer AWS accounts. The new feature will call AWS APIs in customer accounts to describe Amazon EC2 instances and read Amazon CloudWatch metrics.
What should the company do to obtain access to customer accounts in the MOST secure way?
A. Ensure that the customers create an IAM role in their account with read-only EC2 and CloudWatch permissions and a trust policy to the company\’s account.
B. Create a serverless API that implements a token vending machine to provide temporary AWS credentials for a role with read-only EC2 and CloudWatch permissions.
C. Ensure that the customers create an IAM user in their account with read-only EC2 and CloudWatch permissions. Encrypt and store customer access and secret keys in a secrets management system.
D. Ensure that the customers create an Amazon Cognito user in their account to use an IAM role with read-only EC2 and CloudWatch permissions. Encrypt and store the Amazon Cognito user and password in a secrets management system.
Correct Answer: A
By having customers create an IAM role with the necessary permissions in their own accounts, the company can use AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) to establish cross-account access. The trust policy allows the company\’s AWS account to assume the customer\’s IAM role temporarily, granting access to the specified resources (EC2 instances and CloudWatch metrics) within the customer\’s account. This approach follows the principle of least privilege, as the company only requests the necessary permissions and does not require long-term access keys or user credentials from the customers.