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Question 1:
A company wants to direct its users to a backup static error page if the company\’s primary website is unavailable. The primary website\’s DNS records are hosted in Amazon Route
53. The domain is pointing to an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The company needs a solution that minimizes changes and infrastructure overhead.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Update the Route 53 records to use a latency routing policy. Add a static error page that is hosted in an Amazon S3 bucket to the records so that the traffic is sent to the most responsive endpoints.
B. Set up a Route 53 active-passive failover configuration. Direct traffic to a static error page that is hosted in an Amazon S3 bucket when Route 53 health checks determine that the ALB endpoint is unhealthy.
C. Set up a Route 53 active-active configuration with the ALB and an Amazon EC2 instance that hosts a static error page as endpoints. Configure Route 53 to send requests to the instance only if the health checks fail for the ALB.
D. Update the Route 53 records to use a multivalue answer routing policy. Create a health check. Direct traffic to the website if the health check passes. Direct traffic to a static error page that is hosted in Amazon S3 if the health check does not pass.
Correct Answer: B
Question 2:
A company is looking for a solution that can store video archives in AWS from old news footage. The company needs to minimize costs and will rarely need to restore these files. When the h|es are needed, they must be available in a maximum of five minutes.
What is the MOST cost-effective solution?
A. Store the video archives in Amazon S3 Glacier and use Expedited retrievals.
B. Store the video archives in Amazon S3 Glacier and use Standard retrievals.
C. Store the video archives in Amazon S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA).
D. Store the video archives in Amazon S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA)
Correct Answer: A
Amazon S3 Glacier is a storage class that provides secure, durable, and extremely low- cost storage for data archiving and long-term backup. It is designed for data that is rarely accessed and for which retrieval times of several hours are suitable1. By storing the video archives in Amazon S3 Glacier, the solution can minimize costs. Amazon S3 Glacier offers three options for data retrieval: Expedited, Standard, and Bulk. Expedited retrievals typically return data in 1? minutes and are suitable for Active Archive use cases. Standard retrievals typically complete within 3? hours and are suitable for less urgent needs. Bulk retrievals typically complete within 5?2 hours and are the lowest-cost retrieval option2. By using Expedited retrievals, the solution can meet the requirement of restoring the files in a maximum of five minutes. B. Store the video archives in Amazon S3 Glacier and use Standard retrievals. This solution will not meet the requirement of restoring the files in a maximum of five minutes, as Standard retrievals typically complete within 3? hours. C. Store the video archives in Amazon S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA). This solution will not meet the requirement of minimizing costs, as S3 Standard-IA is a storage class that provides low-cost storage for data that is accessed less frequently but requires rapid access when needed. It has a higher storage cost than S3 Glacier. D. Store the video archives in Amazon S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA). This solution will not meet the requirement of minimizing costs, as S3 One Zone-IA is a storage class that provides low-cost storage for data that is accessed less frequently but requires rapid access when needed. It has a higher storage cost than S3 Glacier. Reference URL: https://aws.amazon.com/s3/glacier/
Question 3:
A company wants to create an application to store employee data in a hierarchical structured relationship. The company needs a minimum-latency response to high-traffic queries for the employee data and must protect any sensitive data. The company also need to receive monthly email messages if any financial information is present in the employee data.
Which combination of steps should a solutin architect take to meet these requirement? ( Select TWO.)
A. Use Amazon Redshift to store the employee data in hierarchies. Unload the data to Amazon S3 every month.
B. Use Amazon DynamoDB to store the employee data in hierarchies Export the data to Amazon S3 every month.
C. Configure Amazon Macie for the AWS account Integrate Macie with Amazon EventBridge to send monthly events to AWS Lambda.
D. Use Amazon Athena to analyze the employee data in Amazon S3 integrate Athena with Amazon QuickSight to publish analysis dashboards and share the dashboards with users.
E. Configure Amazon Macie for the AWS account. integrate Macie with Amazon EventBridge to send monthly notifications through an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) subscription.
Correct Answer: BE
Question 4:
A company\’s website handles millions of requests each day, and the number of requests continues to increase. A solutions architect needs to improve the response time of the web application. The solutions architect determines that the application needs to decrease latency when retrieving product details from the Amazon DynamoDB table.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?
A. Set up a DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) cluster. Route all read requests through DAX.
B. Set up Amazon ElastiCache for Redis between the DynamoDB table and the web application. Route all read requests through Redis.
C. Set up Amazon ElastiCache for Memcached between the DynamoDB table and the web application. Route all read requests through Memcached.
D. Set up Amazon DynamoDB Streams on the table, and have AWS Lambda read from the table and populate Amazon ElastiCache. Route all read requests through ElastiCache.
Correct Answer: A
DynamoDB = DAX
Question 5:
A company has migrated multiple Microsoft Windows Server workloads to Amazon EC2 instances that run in the us-west-1 Region. The company manually backs up the workloads to create an image as needed.
In the event of a natural disaster in the us-west-1 Region, the company wants to recover workloads quickly in the us-west-2 Region. The company wants no more than 24 hours of data loss on the EC2 instances. The company also wants to automate any backups of the EC2 instances.
Which solutions will meet these requirements with the LEAST administrative effort? (Choose two.)
A. Create an Amazon EC2-backed Amazon Machine Image (AMI) lifecycle policy to create a backup based on tags. Schedule the backup to run twice daily. Copy the image on demand.
B. Create an Amazon EC2-backed Amazon Machine Image (AMI) lifecycle policy to create a backup based on tags. Schedule the backup to run twice daily. Configure the copy to the us-west-2 Region.
C. Create backup vaults in us-west-1 and in us-west-2 by using AWS Backup. Create a backup plan for the EC2 instances based on tag values. Create an AWS Lambda function to run as a scheduled job to copy the backup data to us-west
2.
D. Create a backup vault by using AWS Backup. Use AWS Backup to create a backup plan for the EC2 instances based on tag values. Define the destination for the copy as us-west-2. Specify the backup schedule to run twice daily.
E. Create a backup vault by using AWS Backup. Use AWS Backup to create a backup plan for the EC2 instances based on tag values. Specify the backup schedule to run twice daily. Copy on demand to us-west-2.
Correct Answer: BD
Option B suggests using an EC2-backed Amazon Machine Image (AMI) lifecycle policy to automate the backup process. By configuring the policy to run twice daily and specifying the copy to the us-west-2 Region, the company can ensure regular backups are created and copied to the alternate region.
Option D proposes using AWS Backup, which provides a centralized backup management solution. By creating a backup vault and backup plan based on tag values, the company can automate the backup process for the EC2 instances. The backup schedule can be set to run twice daily, and the destination for the copy can be defined as the us-west-2 Region.
Question 6:
An image-processing company has a web application that users use to upload images. The application uploads the images into an Amazon S3 bucket. The company has set up S3 event notifications to publish the object creation events to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) standard queue. The SQS queue serves as the event source for an AWS Lambda function that processes the images and sends the results to users through email.
Users report that they are receiving multiple email messages for every uploaded image. A solutions architect determines that SQS messages are invoking the Lambda function more than once, resulting in multiple email messages.
What should the solutions architect do to resolve this issue with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Set up long polling in the SQS queue by increasing the ReceiveMessage wait time to 30 seconds.
B. Change the SQS standard queue to an SQS FIFO queue. Use the message deduplication ID to discard duplicate messages.
C. Increase the visibility timeout in the SQS queue to a value that is greater than the total of the function timeout and the batch window timeout.
D. Modify the Lambda function to delete each message from the SQS queue immediately after the message is read before processing.
Correct Answer: C
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSSimpleQueueService/latest/SQSDeveloperGuide/sqs-visibility-timeout.html
Immediately after a message is received, it remains in the queue. To prevent other consumers from processing the message again, Amazon SQS sets a visibility timeout, a period of time during which Amazon SQS prevents other consumers from receiving and processing the message. The default visibility timeout for a message is 30 seconds. The minimum is 0 seconds. The maximum is 12 hours.
Question 7:
A social media company is building a feature for its website. The feature will give users the ability to upload photos. The company expects significant increases in demand during large events and must ensure that the website can handle the upload traffic from users.
Which solution meets these requirements with the MOST scalability?
A. Upload files from the user\’s browser to the application servers. Transfer the files to an Amazon S3 bucket.
B. Provision an AWS Storage Gateway file gateway. Upload files directly from the user\’s browser to the file gateway.
C. Generate Amazon S3 presigned URLs in the application. Upload files directly from the user\’s browser into an S3 bucket.
D. Provision an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system. Upload files directly from the user\’s browser to the file system.
Correct Answer: C
This approach allows users to upload files directly to S3 without passing through the application servers, reducing the load on the application and improving scalability. It leverages the client-side capabilities to handle the file uploads and offloads the processing to S3.
Question 8:
A company uses Amazon API Gateway to manage its REST APIs that third-party service providers access. The company must protect the REST APIs from SQL injection and cross-site scripting attacks.
What is the MOST operationally efficient solution that meets these requirements?
A. Configure AWS Shield.
B. Configure AWS WAF.
C. Set up API Gateway with an Amazon CloudFront distribution. Configure AWS Shield in CloudFront.
D. Set up API Gateway with an Amazon CloudFront distribution. Configure AWS WAF in CloudFront.
Correct Answer: B
WAF helps with layer 7 attacks like SQL injection and XSS. Shield is helpful for DDOS attacks.
Question 9:
A company is preparing to launch a public-facing web application in the AWS Cloud. The architecture consists of Amazon EC2 instances within a VPC behind an Elastic Load Balancer (ELB). A third-party service is used for the DNS. The company\’s solutions architect must recommend a solution to detect and protect against large-scale DDoS attacks.
Which solution meets these requirements?
A. Enable Amazon GuardDuty on the account.
B. Enable Amazon Inspector on the EC2 instances.
C. Enable AWS Shield and assign Amazon Route 53 to it.
D. Enable AWS Shield Advanced and assign the ELB to it.
Correct Answer: D
https://aws.amazon.com/shield/faqs/
Question 10:
A company uses AWS and sells access to copyrighted images. The company\’s global customer base needs to be able to access these images quickly. The company must deny access to users from specific countries. The company wants to minimize costs as much as possible.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Use Amazon S3 to store the images. Turn on multi-factor authentication (MFA) and public bucket access. Provide customers with a link to the S3 bucket.
B. Use Amazon S3 to store the images. Create an IAM user for each customer. Add the users to a group that has permission to access the S3 bucket.
C. Use Amazon EC2 instances that are behind Application Load Balancers (ALBs) to store the images. Deploy the instances only in the countries the company services. Provide customers with links to the ALBs for their specific country\’s instances.
D. Use Amazon S3 to store the images. Use Amazon CloudFront to distribute the images with geographic restrictions. Provide a signed URL for each customer to access the data in CloudFront.
Correct Answer: D
Use Amazon S3 to store the images. Use Amazon CloudFront to distribute the images with geographic restrictions. Provide a signed URL for each customer to access the data in CloudFront.
Question 11:
Organizers for a global event want to put daily reports online as static HTML pages. The pages are expected to generate millions of views from users around the world. The files are stored In an Amazon S3 bucket. A solutions architect has been asked to design an efficient and effective solution.
Which action should the solutions architect take to accomplish this?
A. Generate presigned URLs for the files.
B. Use cross-Region replication to all Regions.
C. Use the geoproximtty feature of Amazon Route 53.
D. Use Amazon CloudFront with the S3 bucket as its origin.
Correct Answer: D
The most effective and efficient solution would be Option D (Use Amazon CloudFront with the S3 bucket as its origin.)
Amazon CloudFront is a content delivery network (CDN) that speeds up the delivery of static and dynamic web content, such as HTML pages, images, and videos. By using CloudFront, the HTML pages will be served to users from the edge location that is closest to them, resulting in faster delivery and a better user experience. CloudFront can also handle the high traffic and large number of requests expected for the global event, ensuring that the HTML pages are available and accessible to users around the world.
Question 12:
A company hosts a containerized web application on a fleet of on-premises servers that process incoming requests. The number of requests is growing quickly. The on-premises servers cannot handle the increased number of requests. The company wants to move the application to AWS with minimum code changes and minimum development effort.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Use AWS Fargate on Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) to run the containerized web application with Service Auto Scaling. Use an Application Load Balancer to distribute the incoming requests.
B. Use two Amazon EC2 instances to host the containerized web application. Use an Application Load Balancer to distribute the incoming requests
C. Use AWS Lambda with a new code that uses one of the supported languages. Create multiple Lambda functions to support the load. Use Amazon API Gateway as an entry point to the Lambda functions.
D. Use a high performance computing (HPC) solution such as AWS ParallelClusterto establish an HPC cluster that can process the incoming requests at the appropriate scale.
Correct Answer: A
AWS Fargate is a technology that you can use with Amazon ECS to run containers without having to manage servers on clusters of Amazon EC2 instances. With Fargate, you no longer have to provision, configure, or scale of virtual machines to run containers.
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonECS/latest/userguide/what-is-fargate.html
Question 13:
A company is developing a new machine learning (ML) model solution on AWS. The models are developed as independent microservices that fetch approximately 1GB of model data from Amazon S3 at startup and load the data into memory Users access the models through an asynchronous API Users can send a request or a batch of requests and specify where the results should be sent
The company provides models to hundreds of users. The usage patterns for the models are irregular. Some models could be unused for days or weeks Other models could receive batches of thousands of requests at a time
Which design should a solutions architect recommend to meet these requirements?
A. Direct the requests from the API to a Network Load Balancer (NLB) Deploy the models as AWS Lambda functions that are invoked by the NLB.
B. Direct the requests from the API to an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Deploy the models as Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) services that read from an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue Use AWS App Mesh to scale the instances of the ECS cluster based on the SQS queue size
C. Direct the requests from the API into an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue Deploy the models as AWS Lambda functions that are invoked by SQS events Use AWS Auto Scaling to increase the number of vCPUs for the Lambda functions based on the SQS queue size
D. Direct the requests from the API into an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue Deploy the models as Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) services that read from the queue Enable AWS Auto Scaling on Amazon ECS for both the cluster and copies of the service based on the queue size.
Correct Answer: D
Batch requests/async = Amazon SQS Microservices = Amazon ECS Workload variations = AWS Auto Scaling on Amazon ECS
Question 14:
A company wants to experiment with individual AWS accounts for its engineer team. The company wants to be notified as soon as the Amazon EC2 instance usage for a given month exceeds a specific threshold for each account.
What should a solutions architect do to meet this requirement MOST cost-effectively?
A. Use Cost Explorer to create a daily report of costs by service. Filter the report by EC2 instances. Configure Cost Explorer to send an Amazon Simple Email Service (Amazon SES) notification when a threshold is exceeded.
B. Use Cost Explorer to create a monthly report of costs by service. Filter the report by EC2 instances. Configure Cost Explorer to send an Amazon Simple Email Service (Amazon SES) notification when a threshold is exceeded.
C. Use AWS Budgets to create a cost budget for each account. Set the period to monthly. Set the scope to EC2 instances. Set an alert threshold for the budget. Configure an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to receive a notification when a threshold is exceeded.
D. Use AWS Cost and Usage Reports to create a report with hourly granularity. Integrate the report data with Amazon Athena. Use Amazon EventBridge to schedule an Athena query. Configure an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to receive a notification when a threshold is exceeded.
Correct Answer: C
AWS Budgets allows you to create budgets for your AWS accounts and set alerts when usage exceeds a certain threshold. By creating a budget for each account, specifying the period as monthly and the scope as EC2 instances, you can effectively track the EC2 usage for each account and be notified when a threshold is exceeded. This solution is the most cost-effective option as it does not require additional resources such as Amazon Athena or Amazon EventBridge.
Question 15:
A gaming company is building an application with Voice over IP capabilities. The application will serve traffic to users across the world. The application needs to be highly available with an automated failover across AWS Regions. The
company wants to minimize the latency of users without relying on IP address caching on user devices.
What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
A. Use AWS Global Accelerator with health checks.
B. Use Amazon Route 53 with a geolocation routing policy.
C. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that includes multiple origins.
D. Create an Application Load Balancer that uses path-based routing.
Correct Answer: A