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Question 1:

A company\’s legal department drafted sensitive documents in a SaaS application and wants to ensure the documents cannot be accessed by individuals in high-risk countries. Which of the following is the most effective way to limit this access?

A. Data masking

B. Encryption

C. Geolocation policy

D. Data sovereignty regulation

Correct Answer: C

A geolocation policy allows you to restrict access to resources based on the geographical location of users or devices. It can be an effective way to ensure that sensitive documents are not accessible by individuals in high-risk countries or regions. Geolocation policies can be implemented using various security tools or features, such as a content delivery network (CDN) or access control lists (ACLs), to restrict access to the SaaS application from specific geographic locations.


Question 2:

A network administrator needs to build out a new datacenter, with a focus on resiliency and uptime. Which of the following would BEST meet this objective? (Choose two.)

A. Dual power supply

B. Off-site backups

C. Automatic OS upgrades

D. NIC teaming

E. Scheduled penetration testing

F. Network-attached storage

Correct Answer: AB

Dual PS keeps the servers up / a DRS will conform to the question of resiliency: Site Resiliency Resiliency of a site should include consideration of sites used to continue operations. Site resiliency considerations can be connected to the idea of restoration sites and their availability. Related to the location of backup storage is where the restoration services will be located. If the organization has suffered physical damage to its facility, having offsite data storage is only part of the solution. This data will need to be processed somewhere, which means that computing facilities similar to those used in normal operations are required. These sites are referred to as recovery sites. The recovery problem can be approached in a number of ways, including hot sites, warm sites, and cold sites.

https://searchdatacenter.techtarget.com/definition/resiliency


Question 3:

Against the recommendation of the IT security analyst, a company set all user passwords on a server as “P@)55wOrD”. Upon review of the /etc/pesswa file, an attacker found the following:

alice:a8df3b6c4fd75f0617431fd248f35191df8d237f bob:2d250c5b2976b03d757f324ebd59340df96aa05e chris:ea981ec3285421d014108089f3f3f997ce0f4150

Which of the following BEST explains why the encrypted passwords do not match?

A. Perfect forward secrecy

B. Key stretching

C. Salting

D. Hashing

Correct Answer: C


Question 4:

A recent vulnerability scan revealed multiple servers have non-standard ports open for applications that are no longer in use. The security team is working to ensure all devices are patched and hardened. Which of the following would the security team perform to ensure the task is completed with minimal impact to production?

A. Enable HIDS on all servers and endpoints.

B. Disable unnecessary services.

C. Configure the deny list appropriately on the NGFW.

D. Ensure the antivirus is up to date.

Correct Answer: A


Question 5:

Which of the following BEST describes a technique that compensates researchers for finding vulnerabilities?

A. Penetration testing

B. Code review

C. Wardriving

D. Bug bounty

Correct Answer: D


Question 6:

An organization implemented a process that compares the settings currently configured on systems against secure configuration guidelines in order to identify any gaps Which of the following control types has the organization implemented?

A. Compensating

B. Corrective

C. Preventive

D. Detective

Correct Answer: D

The organization has implemented a detective control. A detective control is a security control that is used to detect security incidents or policy violations after they have occurred. In this case, the organization has implemented a process that compares the settings currently configured on systems against secure configuration guidelines in order to identify any gaps. This is an example of a detective control, as it is designed to detect any deviations from the organization\’s secure configuration standards. Detective controls are typically used in conjunction with other types of controls, such as preventive controls, which are designed to prevent incidents from occurring, and corrective controls, which are used to correct any issues that are detected. Compensating controls are used to address risks that cannot be mitigated by other means.


Question 7:

Which of the following corporate policies is used to help prevent employee fraud and to detect system log modifications or other malicious activity based on tenure?

A. Background checks

B. Mandatory vacation

C. Social media analysis

D. Separation of duties

Correct Answer: B


Question 8:

A company reduced the area utilized in its data center by creating virtual networking through automation and by creating provisioning routes and rules through scripting. Which of the following does this example describe?

A. IaC

B. MSSP

C. Containers

D. SaaS

Correct Answer: A

The scenario described is an example of Infrastructure as Code (IaC). IaC is a key devOps practice that involves managing and provisioning computing infrastructure through machine-readable script files, rather than through physical hardware configuration or interactive configuration tools. This approach can help in automating the process of setting up, changing, and versioning infrastructure efficiently and it can be particularly useful in managing virtualized and cloud-based services, which is the case in the scenario provided.


Question 9:

The human resources department of a large online retailer has received multiple customer complaints about the rudeness of the automated chatbots it uses to interface and assist online shoppers. The system, which continuously learns and adapts, was working fine when it was installed a few months ago. Which of the following BEST describes the method being used to exploit the system?

A. Baseline modification

B. A fileless virus

C. Tainted training data

D. Cryptographic manipulation

Correct Answer: C

Tainted Training Data for Machine Learning (ML):

Machine learning (ML) is one of the techniques used in AI. ML works by using a training data set to calibrate the detection model to enable detection on sample data. One of the weaknesses of ML is this training set dependency. The ability of

the model to detect is a function of the efficacy of the training data set. A good training data set can build a solid detection model. A deficient training set of data can build a model with holes in it–holes that allow conditions to go undetected. Tainting the training data is one of the attack vectors that attackers can use against ML systems. Over time, as conditions change, an ML algorithm needs retraining or updating to make it effective against differing inputs. Each of these updates represents an opportunity to taint the input data set. Also, if you train the algorithm against normal network traffic, marking it as good when in fact there is an adversary already in that training data set, you effectively blind the algorithm to the attack by having already labeled it as good.


Question 10:

A company recently upgraded its authentication infrastructure and now has more computing power. Which of the following should the company consider using to ensure user credentials are being transmitted and stored more securely?

A. Blockchain

B. Salting

C. Quantum

D. Digital signature

Correct Answer: B

Salting is a technique that adds random data to user credentials before hashing them. This makes the hashed credentials more secure and resistant to brute-force attacks or rainbow table attacks. Salting also ensures that two users with the

same password will have different hashed credentials.

A company that has more computing power can consider using salting to ensure user credentials are being transmitted and stored more securely. Salting can increase the complexity and entropy of the hashed credentials, making them

harder to crack or reverse.


Question 11:

Which of the following components can be used to consolidate and forward inbound Internet traffic to multiple cloud environments though a single firewall?

A. Transit gateway

B. Cloud hot site

C. Edge computing

D. DNS sinkhole

Correct Answer: A

VPC peering relationships can quickly become difficult to manage, especially if each VPC must interconnect in a mesh-like structure. A transit gateway is a simpler means of managing these interconnections. Essentially, a transit gateway is a virtual router that handles routing between the subnets in each attached VPC and any attached VPN gateways (aws.amazon.com/transit-gateway).


Question 12:

A systems engineer wants to leverage a cloud-based architecture with low latency between network-connected devices that also reduces the bandwidth that is required by performing analytics directly on the endpoints.

Which of the following would BEST meet the requirements? (Choose two.)

A. Private cloud

B. SaaS

C. Hybrid cloud

D. IaaS

E. DRaaS

F. Fog computing

Correct Answer: CF


Question 13:

After a recent external audit, the compliance team provided a list of several non-compliant, in-scope hosts that were not encrypting cardholder data at rest, Which of the following compliance frameworks would address the compliance team\’s GREATEST concern?

A. PCI DSS

B. GDPR

C. ISO 27001

D. NIST CSF

Correct Answer: A


Question 14:

Security analysts have noticed the network becomes flooded with malicious packets at specific times of the day. Which of the following should the analysts use to investigate this issue?

A. Web metadata

B. Bandwidth monitors

C. System files

D. Correlation dashboards

Correct Answer: B


Question 15:

A root cause analysis reveals that a web application outage was caused by one of the company\’s developers uploading a newer version of the third-party libraries that were shared among several applications. Which of the following implementations would be BEST to prevent the issue from reoccurring?

A. CASB

B. SWG

C. Containerization

D. Automated failover

Correct Answer: C

Containerization is defined as a form of operating system virtualization, through which applications are run in isolated user spaces called containers, all using the same shared operating system (OS).


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