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Question 1:
An administrator observes that the port1 interface cannot be configured with an IP address. What can be the reasons for that? (Choose three.)
A. The interface has been configured for one-arm sniffer.
B. The interface is a member of a virtual wire pair.
C. The operation mode is transparent.
D. The interface is a member of a zone.
E. Captive portal is enabled in the interface.
Correct Answer: ABC
https://help.fortinet.com/fos50hlp/54/Content/FortiOS/fortigate-whats-new-54/Top_VirtualWirePair.htm
Question 2:
Which two statements explain antivirus scanning modes? (Choose two.)
A. In proxy-based inspection mode, files bigger than the buffer size are scanned.
B. In flow-based inspection mode, FortiGate buffers the file, but also simultaneously transmits it to the client.
C. In proxy-based inspection mode, antivirus scanning buffers the whole file for scanning, before sending it to the client.
D. In flow-based inspection mode, files bigger than the buffer size are scanned.
Correct Answer: BC
An antivirus profile in full scan mode buffers up to your specified file size limit. The default is 10 MB. That is large enough for most files, except video files. If your FortiGate model has more RAM, you may be able to increase this threshold. Without a limit, very large files could exhaust the scan memory. So, this threshold balances risk and performance. Is this tradeoff unique to FortiGate, or to a specific model? No. Regardless of vendor or model, you must make a choice. This is because of the difference between scans in theory, that have no limits, and scans on real-world devices, that have finite RAM. In order to detect 100% of malware regardless of file size, a firewall would need infinitely large RAM– something that no device has in the real world. Most viruses are very small. This table shows a typical tradeoff. You can see that with the default 10 MB threshold, only 0.01% of viruses pass through.
FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.350 and 352): “In flow-based inspection mode, the IPS engine reads the payload of each packet, caches a local copy, and forwards the packet to the receiver at the same time. Because the file is ransmitted simultaneously, flow-based mode consumes more CPU cycles than proxy-based.” “Each protocol\’s proxy picks up a connection and buffers the entire file first (or waits until the oversize limit is reached) before scanning. The client must wait for the scanning to finish.”
Question 3:
Which two statements about FortiGate FSSO agentless polling mode are true? (Choose two.)
A. FortiGate uses the AD server as the collector agent.
B. FortiGate uses the SMB protocol to read the event viewer logs from the DCs.
C. FortiGate does not support workstation check .
D. FortiGate directs the collector agent to use a remote LDAP server.
Correct Answer: BC
You can deploy FSSO w/o installing an agent. FG polls the DCs directly, instead of receiving logon info indirectly from a collector agent.
Because FG collects all of the data itself, agentless polling mode requires greater system resources, and it doesn\’t scale as easily.
Agentless polling mode operates in a similar way to WinSecLog, but with only two event IDs: 4768 and 4769. Because there\’s no collector agent, FG uses the SMB protocol to read the event viewer logs from the DCs.
FG acts as a collector. It \’s responsible for polling on top of its normal FSSO tasks but does not have all the extra features, such as workstation checks, that are available with the external collector agent.
Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink .do?externalID=FD47732 https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiGate/Troubleshooting-Tip-How-to-troubleshoot-FSSO-agentless-polling/ta-p/214349
Question 4:
Refer to exhibit.
An administrator configured the web filtering profile shown in the exhibit to block access to all social networking sites except Twitter. However, when users try to access twitter.com, they are redirected to a FortiGuard web filtering block page.
Based on the exhibit, which configuration change can the administrator make to allow Twitter while blocking all other social networking sites?
A. On the FortiGuard Category Based Filter configuration, set Action to Warning for Social Networking
B. On the Static URL Filter configuration, set Type to Simple
C. On the Static URL Filter configuration, set Action to Exempt.
D. On the Static URL Filter configuration, set Action to Monitor.
Correct Answer: C
Reference: https://fortinet77.rssing.com/chan-56127603/article113.html Based on the exhibit, the administrator has configured the FortiGuard Category Based Filter to block access to all social networking sites, and has also configured a Static URL Filter to block access to twitter.com. As a result, users are being redirected to a block page when they try to access twitter.com. To allow users to access twitter.com while blocking all other social networking sites, the administrator can make the following configuration change: On the Static URL Filter configuration, set Action to Exempt: By setting the Action to Exempt, the administrator can override the block on twitter.com that was specified in the FortiGuard Category Based Filter. This will allow users to access twitter.com, while all other social networking sites will still be blocked.
Question 5:
FortiGate is configured as a policy-based next-generation firewall (NGFW) and is applying web filtering and application control directly on the security policy.
Which two other security profiles can you apply to the security policy? (Choose two.)
A. Antivirus scanning
B. File filter
C. DNS filter
D. Intrusion prevention
Correct Answer: AD
Security policy: If the traffic is allowed as per the consolidated policy, FortiGate will then process it based on the security policy to analyze additional criteria, such as URL categories for web filtering and application control. Also, if enabled, the security policy further inspects traffic using security profiles such as IPS and AV.
Question 6:
Which three security features require the intrusion prevention system (IPS) engine to function? (Choose three.)
A. Web filter in flow-based inspection
B. Antivirus in flow-based inspection
C. DNS filter
D. Web application firewall
E. Application control
Correct Answer: ABE
https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.0/new-features/739623/dns-filter-handled-by-ips-engine-in-flow-mode
Question 7:
View the exhibit.
Which of the following statements are correct? (Choose two.)
A. This setup requires at least two firewall policies with the action set to IPsec.
B. Dead peer detection must be disabled to support this type of IPsec setup.
C. The TunnelB route is the primary route for reaching the remote site. The TunnelA route is used only if the TunnelB VPN is down.
D. This is a redundant IPsec setup.
Correct Answer: CD
https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.2.4/cookbook/632796/ospf-with-ipsec-vpn-for-network-redundancy
Question 8:
An employee needs to connect to the office through a high-latency internet connection.
Which SSL VPN setting should the administrator adjust to prevent SSL VPN negotiation failure?
A. idle-timeout
B. login-timeout
C. udp-idle-timer
D. session-ttl
Correct Answer: B
FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.222):
“When connected to SSL VPN over high latency connections, FortiGate can time out the client before the client can finish the negotiation process, such as DNS lookup and time to enter a token. Two new CLI commands under config vpn ssl
settings have been added to address this. The first command allows you to set up the login timeout, replacing the previous hard timeout value. The second command allows you to set up the maximum DTLS hello timeout for SSL VPN
connections.”
Question 9:
Which statement about video filtering on FortiGate is true?
A. Full SSL Inspection is not required.
B. It is available only on a proxy-based firewall policy.
C. It inspects video files hosted on file sharing services.
D. Video filtering FortiGuard categories are based on web filter FortiGuard categories.
Correct Answer: B
Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.0/new-features/190873/video-filtering
Question 10:
Which certificate value can FortiGate use to determine the relationship between the issuer and the certificate?
A. Subject Key Identifier value
B. SMMIE Capabilities value
C. Subject value
D. Subject Alternative Name value
Correct Answer: A
Question 11:
An administrator must disable RPF check to investigate an issue.
Which method is best suited to disable RPF without affecting features like antivirus and intrusion prevention system?
A. Enable asymmetric routing, so the RPF check will be bypassed.
B. Disable the RPF check at the FortiGate interface level for the source check.
C. Disable the RPF check at the FortiGate interface level for the reply check .
D. Enable asymmetric routing at the interface level.
Correct Answer: B
Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink.do?externalID=FD33955
Question 12:
Refer to the exhibits.
Exhibit A shows a topology for a FortiGate HA cluster that performs proxy-based inspection on traffic. Exhibit B shows the HA configuration and the partial output of the get system ha status command.
Based on the exhibits, which two statements about the traffic passing through the cluster are true? (Choose two.)
A. For non-load balanced connections, packets forwarded by the cluster to the server contain the virtual MAC address of port2 as source.
B. The traffic sourced from the client and destined to the server is sent to FGT-1.
C. The cluster can load balance ICMP connections to the secondary.
D. For load balanced connections, the primary encapsulates TCP SYN packets before forwarding them to the secondary.
Correct Answer: AD
FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.317 and p.320): “To forward traffic correctly, a FortiGate HA solution uses virtual MAC addresses.” “The primary forwards the SYN packet to the selected secondary. (…) This is also known as MAC address rewrite. In addition, the primary encapsulates the packet in an Ethernet frame type 0x8891. The encapsulation is done only for the first packet of a load balanced session. The encapsulated packet includes the original packet plus session information that the secondary requires to process the traffic.”
Question 13:
Which statement about the IP authentication header (AH) used by IPsec is true?
A. AH does not provide any data integrity or encryption.
B. AH does not support perfect forward secrecy.
C. AH provides data integrity bur no encryption.
D. AH provides strong data integrity but weak encryption.
Correct Answer: C
Question 14:
What are two features of collector agent advanced mode? (Choose two.)
A. In advanced mode, FortiGate can be configured as an LDAP client and group filters can be configured on FortiGate.
B. In advanced mode, security profiles can be applied only to user groups, not individual users.
C. Advanced mode uses the Windows convention–NetBios: Domain\Username.
D. Advanced mode supports nested or inherited groups.
Correct Answer: AD
In advanced mode, FortiGate can be configured as an LDAP client and group filters can be configured on FortiGate. This is true because advanced mode allows FortiGate to query the LDAP server directly for user information and group membership, without relying on the collector agent. This enables FortiGate to apply security policies based on LDAP group filters, which can be configured on FortiGate1 Advanced mode supports nested or inherited groups. This is true because advanced mode can handle complex group structures, such as nested groups or inherited groups, where a user belongs to a group that is a member of another group. This allows FortiGate to apply security policies based on the effective group membership of a user, not just the direct group membership1
FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.146): “Also, advanced mode supports nested or inherited groups; that is, users can be members of subgroups that belong to monitored parent groups.” “In advanced mode, you can configure FortiGate as an LDAP client and configure the group filters on FortiGate. You can also configure group filters on the collector agent.”
Question 15:
Which two statements are true about the FGCP protocol? (Choose two.)
A. FGCP elects the primary FortiGate device.
B. FGCP is not used when FortiGate is in transparent mode.
C. FGCP runs only over the heartbeat links.
D. FGCP is used to discover FortiGate devices in different HA groups.
Correct Answer: AC
The FGCP (FortiGate Clustering Protocol) is a protocol that is used to manage high availability (HA) clusters of FortiGate devices. It performs several functions, including the following:
FGCP elects the primary FortiGate device: In an HA cluster, FGCP is used to determine which FortiGate device will be the primary device, responsible for handling traffic and making decisions about what to allow or block. FGCP uses a
variety of factors, such as the device\’s priority, to determine which device should be the primary.
FGCP runs only over the heartbeat links: FGCP communicates between FortiGate devices in the HA cluster using the heartbeat links. These are dedicated links that are used to exchange status and control information between the devices.
FGCP does not run over other types of links, such as data links.
Reference:
https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.4.0/ports-and-protocols/564712/fgcp-fortigate-clustering-protocol
FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.292): “FortiGate HA uses the Fortinet- proprietary FortiGate Clustering Protocol (FGCP) to discover members, elect the primary FortiGate, synchronize data among members, and monitor the health
of members. To discover and monitor members, the members broadcast heartbeat packets over all configured heartbeat interfaces.”